加拿大有多种带政府担保的借款渠道——从通过银行办理的 CSBFP,到 BDC、EDC 这类国有放贷机构,再到社区基金。本页讲清每种的用途,以及如何找到适合你的那一种。
在加拿大,“政府贷款”有几种形式。CSBFP 是一种担保——你向自己的银行借款,政府分担风险,最高 $1.15M。BDC 和 EDC 是直接放贷的国有公司:BDC 面向中小企业,EDC 面向出口或做国际生意的企业。在乡村和偏远地区,Community Futures 机构和区域发展机构提供本地贷款与拨款。选哪一种,取决于你的规模、所在地区,以及融资用途。
如果你要买设备、地产或租赁权改良,且想通过现有银行借款,先看 CSBFP——政府担保让审批更容易。想要灵活的直贷用于成长或营运资金,可考虑 BDC;做出口则看 EDC。在乡村地区,本地 Community Futures 办公室和区域发展机构可能有本地项目。农场用加拿大农业信贷(FCC)。很多企业还会把政府贷款 + 补助 + 税收抵免搭配使用——见“贷款 vs 补助”。CanaGrants 会按你的画像同时比对这些,省得你一个个手查。
For most small businesses, the CSBFP — because you apply through your own bank and the government shares the lender's risk, so it's easier to approve than a regular term loan. The lender still underwrites it.
The CSBFP is a guarantee on a loan from your own bank or credit union. BDC (Business Development Bank of Canada) is a crown corporation that lends to you directly. You can use either — or both, for different needs.
These are loans — repayable with interest. Grants are non-repayable and come from different programs. Many businesses combine a government loan with a grant on the same project (see loans vs grants).
Farming businesses aren't eligible for the CSBFP. The dedicated routes are the Canadian Agricultural Loans Act (CALA) program and Farm Credit Canada (FCC), both built for agriculture.